苦瓜新品种亮丽三号的选育

    Breeding of a new bitter gourd variety, Liangli No.3

    • 摘要: 苦瓜新品种亮丽三号是以高代自交系TS-087(母本)与高代自交系TS-367(父本)配制出的中早熟耐热杂交一代苦瓜新品种。该品种植株生长势旺,分枝能力强,瓜条呈绿白色,中长棒型,短纵瘤间圆粒瘤,雌花率高,座果能力强,第1雌花节位在11~13节,瓜长26~32 cm,横径5~7 cm,肉厚约1.3 cm,单瓜重450~500 g,挂果整齐均匀,商品率高,果皮光泽油亮;其抗白粉病能力强,产量高,2021年秋和2022年秋季分别进行了品种比较试验和福建省内区域多点试验,在品种比较试验中亮丽三号两年平均产量41 340.00 kg ·hm−2 ,比对照品种新华玉增产12.8 %,在福建省内区域多点试验中亮丽三号两年平均产量41 513.67 kg ·hm−2,比对照品种新华玉增产11.8 %;其蛋白质含量为0.84 g·hg−1,水分含量94.9 g·hg−1,抗坏血酸(维生素C)含量为84.1 mg·hg−1,还原糖含量0.54 g·hg−1。综合分析该品种适合福建夏秋两季露地种植栽培。

       

      Abstract: The new bitter gourd variety Liangli No.3 is a mid-early maturing and heat-tolerant first-generation hybrid variety, developed from a high-generation inbred line TS-087(female parent)crossed with another high-generation inbred line TS-367(male parent). This variety exhibits vigorous plant growth, strong branching ability, and produces greenish-white, medium-length, round-grained tubers with short longitudinal ridges. It has a high female flower rate and strong fruit-setting ability, with the first female flower occurring at the 11th to 13th node. The gourd is 26 to 32 cm long, 5 to 7 cm in diameter, with a flesh thickness of about 1.3 cm and a single gourd weight of 450 to 500 g. The fruit is evenly and neatly hung, with a high commercial yield and a glossy and oily skin. It has strong resistance to powdery mildew and high yield. In the variety comparison test conducted in the autumn of 2021-2022, the average yield over the two years was 41,340.00 kg ·hm−2, an increase of 12.8% compared to the control variety Xinhua Yu. According to testing, the protein content of Liangli No.3 bitter gourd is 0.84 g·hg−1, the moisture content is 94.9 g·hg−1, the ascorbic acid(vitamin C)content is 84.1 mg·hg−1, and the reducing sugar content is 0.54 g·hg−1. Comprehensive analysis indicates that this variety is suitable for open-field cultivation in Fujian during both summer and autumn seasons.

       

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