Abstract:
Growth-regulating factors (GRFs), a type of plant-specific transcription factors, have been demonstrated to be involved in various biological processes, including leaf growth, floral organ development, and phytohormone signal transduction. In this study,
GRF gene family members in
Cucurbita moschata were identified by using the bioinformatic methods. The physicochemical properties, chromosomal localization, gene structure, evolutionary relationship, collinearity and
cis-acting elements within the promoter regions were analyzed. The expression patterns of
CmoGRF genes across different tissues were further analyzed in combination with transcriptome analysis. The results showed that a total of 14
CmoGRF genes family members were identified in the pumpkin genome, which were distributed across 11 different chromosomes. Through the phylogenetic analysis, the members of the
CmoGRF gene family could be classified into four subgroups. Eleven pairs of syntenic genes were detected within the
CmoGRF family, although no tandem duplicated genes were observed. The interspecies collinearity analysis revealed that nine
CmoGRF genes had syntenic counterparts in
Arabidopsis thaliana, while five
CmoGRF genes were homologous to the genes in
Oryza sativa. Within the promoters of
CmoGRFs, five types of elements related to plant hormone response, four types of metabolic differentiation regulatory elements, four types of protein-binding sites, and three types of
cis-acting elements associated with the defense and stress responses were screened. The relative expression levels of the 14
CmoGRFs genes varied significantly across different tissues. The expression pattern analysis of
CmoGRF1,
CmoGRF12, and
CmoGRF13 revealed that, the
CmoGRF1 gene was highly expressed under the induction of 6-benzylaminopurine (6BA), methyl jasmonate and zeatin. The
CmoGRF12 gene was highly expressed under the induction of methyl jasmonate. The expression of the
CmoGRF13 gene was significantly increased under the treatments with abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate. In summary, the results laid a foundation for further analysis on the functional characteristics and molecular mechanisms of the
GRF gene family in
Cucurbita moschaa, providing a theoretical foundation and new genetic resources for the breeding of pumpkin.