Abstract: As emerging environmental pollutants, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can continuously migrate between environmental media, animal hosts and microbial communities, potentially leading to human exposure through the food chain and posing risks to food safety and public health. Fujian Province, characterized by the coexistence of intensive aquaculture and livestock production, a pronounced subtropical monsoon climate, and closely interconnected mountain - coast landscapes and river networks, serves as a representative region for investigating the foodborne ARGs at a regional scale. Based on the concept of “One Health”, the pollution of ARGs in main raw and fresh agricultural products in Fujian Province was reviewed. (1) The driving effects of typical agro-ecosystems on ARGs pollution were summarized, and the background of agro-ecological driving was expounded from the aspects of pollution source, propagation path and key driving mechanism. The research progress on the pollution status of ARGs in raw and fresh agricultural products in Fujian Province was summarized. It was pointed out that the relevant evidence of aquatic products and livestock and poultry products was relatively sufficient. However, the vegetables, especially raw-eaten leafy vegetables, had hidden exposure and endogenous colonization problems and lacked systematic explanation. (3) The progress of ARGs risk assessment methodology and its regional applicability limitations were reviewed. At present, the related research in Fujian Province was faced with problems such as insufficient regional background data, unclear connection of cross-media exposure chains, difficulty in determining ARGs activity and mobility, and lack of localized risk parameters. (4) The direction of monitoring and prevention and control of ARGs pollution was discussed, and it was suggested to strengthen the regional background investigation, whole chain monitoring and hierarchical risk assessment, and promote the cross-sectoral collaborative governance, thus to provide reference for the food safety guarantee and the prevention and control of drug resistance transmission in Fujian Province.