Abstract: To determine the optimal sowing date and planting density for spring-planted potato cultivation in the Mindong mountainous region of eastern, a split-plot design was employed with sowing date（T）as the main plot factor and planting density（D）as the subplot factor. Four sowing date levels（T1: February 24, T2: March 1, T3: March 6, T4: March 11）and four planting density levels（D1: 30,000, D2: 37,500, D3: 45,000, D4: 52,500 plants·ha⁻¹）were established to analyze agronomic traits and yield components of Minshu No.1 through variance analysis and multiple comparison tests. The results indicated that sowing date significantly affected phenological stages and had highly significant effects on yield（P＜0.01）. Planting density showed no significant influence on phenological development but demonstrated significant effects on yield（P＜0.01）. Among the interaction effects between sowing date and density, the T2D3 treatment combination（sowing on March 1st at a density of 45,000 plants·ha⁻¹）produced the highest yield（41,650 kg·ha⁻¹）, representing a 79.07% increase compared to the lowest-yielding T1D1 treatment（sowing on February 24th at a density of 23,259 plants·ha⁻¹）. In conclusion, the optimal high-yield cultivation strategy for Minshu No.1 in the Mindong mountainous spring-planting region of eastern Fujian involves sowing around March 1st with a planting density of 45,000 plants·ha⁻¹.