Abstract: Soil degradation in facility agriculture has become a core issue restricting the sustainable development of intensive cultivation. This article systematically examines the main types and causes of facility soil degradation from three dimensions: physical degradation, chemical degradation, and biological degradation. It also reviews the current research progress on improvement measures in aspects such as engineering improvement, organic fertilization, and biological regulation. Previous studies revealed that measures like deep plowing, organic fertilizer substitution, straw return, biochar addition, and microbial inoculants have clear effects in improving soil structure, reducing salt content, regulating acidity, and restoring microbial communities. However, a single measure is insufficient to comprehensively solve complex degradation problems, and most studies have only focused on short-term effect verification. This article proposes that future research should shift from verifying the effects of single measures to integrating and optimizing multiple measures, establishing a classified policy technical system based on degradation types, and strengthening long-term assessment and cost-benefit analysis of improvement measures to promote the transformation of research results into practical production.