Abstract: The differences between camellia oil and other vegetable oils were investigated from three physical and chemical indexes of unsaponifiable matter, relative density and iodine value, and the obtained data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that there was no significant difference between unsaponifiable matter and relative density of camellia oil and other vegetable oils, and the iodine value of camellia oil was significantly different from that of other vegetable oils (P<0.05), which could be used as the basis for distinguishing adulteration in camellia oil. Analysis of iodine value of camellia oil mixed with soybean oil and corn oil showed that it could be distinguished when the ratio of camellia oil to soybean oil was 19:1 (i.e. 5% soybean oil mixed with 95% camellia oil), and when the ratio of camellia oil to corn oil is 9:1 (i.e. 10% corn oil mixed with 90% camellia oil).