红肉蜜柚引种与品质提升试验

    Experimental on Introduction and Quality Improvement of Red-fleshed Sweet Pomelo

    • 摘要: 研究红肉蜜柚在福建省闽侯县的引种表现,观察红肉蜜柚在引种地的物候期、植物学特性及果实经济性状,并开展了不同肥料及套袋材料对红肉蜜柚果实品质的影响研究,结果表明:红肉蜜柚引种表现果大皮薄、色泽鲜艳、瓤肉无籽、多汁柔软、风味酸甜适中、品质优、丰产性好、适应性强等特性,适宜在闽侯县推广种植;施用不同肥料对红肉蜜柚产量和果实品质有不同的影响,其中施用柚类专用肥的效果最佳,其单株产量、单果重、可食率、可溶性固形物、总糖、还原糖、糖酸比、固酸比均比施用生物有机肥及常规施肥高,且果实裂瓣率、粒化瓣率及总酸含量最低;套袋处理可改善红肉蜜柚外观品质,显著提高果实商品果率和一级果率,降低落果数、病虫果数、果实裂瓣率和粒化瓣率,但果实内在品质有所降低,比较发现黄色单层柚果专用袋套袋效果较好,不仅外观品质得到提升,而且对果实内在品质影响较小。

       

      Abstract: The introduction performance of red-fleshed sweet pomelo in Minhou County, Fujian Province was studied. The phenophase, botanical characteristics and fruit economic characters of red-fleshed sweet pomelo in the introduction site were observed. The effects of different fertilizers and bagging materials on the quality of fruits were studied. The results showed that red-fleshed sweet pomelo was characterized by large fruit, thin skin, bright colour, seedless, juicy and soft, moderate sweet and sour flavor, high quality, good yield and strong adaptability, which was suitable for planting in Minhou County. Different fertilizers had different effects on the yield and fruit quality of red-fleshed sweet pomelo. Among which, the special fertilizer for pomelo had the best effect. Its yield per plant, single fruit weight, edible rate, soluble solids, total sugar, reducing sugar, sugar-acid ratio, solid acid ratio were all higher than bio-organic fertilizer and conventional fertilization. The rate of section cracking, granulation lobes and total acid content were the lowest. Bagging treatment could improve the appearance quality of red-fleshed sweet pomelo, significantly improved the commercial fruit rate and the first-grade fruit rate, reduced the number of fruit dropping, pests and diseases, fruit cracking rate and granulation lobes, but the internal quality of fruit was reduced. It was found that the effect of special bagging for pomelo fruit which was yellow and single-layer was better, not only improved the appearance quality, but also had little effect on the internal quality of fruit.

       

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