Abstract: At present, the development scale and speed of laboratories in universities and research institutes are fast, but there are still serious problems in the treatment and safety management of toxic and hazardous goods in laboratories. In order to strengthen the safety and management of laboratories in universities and research institutes, the classification and treatment measures of toxic and hazardous goods in laboratories were summarized systematically in this paper. Then, the countermeasures for the safety management of laboratories in universities and research institutes were put forward, including strengthening the optimization of building structures of laboratories and the reasonable configuration of hazardous goods, strengthening the normalized management of security systems, cultivating the researchers' disposal ability in face of the safety emergencies of laboratories, improving the safety awareness, implementing the security responsibility, strengthening the training of laboratory safety knowledge and skills, strengthening the system construction of safety archives in universities and research institutes, establishing the sharing mechanism and the reward & punishment mechanism of public security information archives.