Abstract: With the continuous development of the livestock and poultry breeding industry in China and the continuous improvement of the large-scale and intensive degree of livestock and poultry breeding, the threat of the ivestock and poultry waste to the environment has become increasingly serious. In recent years, although China has made great achievements in the pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding, the disposal and the resource utilization of the livestock and poultry wastes were still the major problems restricting the green and sustainable development of breeding industry. In order to further promote the resource utilization of the livestock and poultry wastes, the current situation of the emission pollution of livestock and poultry wastes in China were introduced and the five patterns of resource utilization of livestock and poultry wastes were listed in this paper. Then, the existing problems in the resource utilization of livestock and poultry wastes were also analyzed, such as the imperfect policies and regulations, the imbalance between farming and animal husbandry, the lagging in the research and development of key technologies and equipment, and the insufficient professional services for resource utilization, etc. Finally, some corresponding countermeasures were put forward.