Abstract: The observation and description of plant morphological characteristics can provide a basis for the plant genetics analysis. The morphological characters of 20 Dendrobium nobile resources imported from various domestic flower companies were observed, and the genetic relationships of these variety resources were analyzed based on the observed characters. According to the factors such as the number of flowers, flower size, flower fragrance, and color, 6 varieties of Dendrobium nobile with strong ornamental value and high development value were screened out from the 20 varieties of Dendrobium nobile, including Bulanshige, Dendrobium lichenastrum, Dendrobium nobile Lindl., Dendrobium lindleyi, Yanzhi, and Taohuayijiu. The morphological cluster analysis of the introduced 20 varieties of Dendrobium nobile resources was conducted, showing that there were significant genetic differences among the varieties, with the similarity coefficients ranging from 0.78 to 0.91. The four groups with the similarity coefficients above 0.90 were Dendrobium miyakei and Dendrobium nobile Lindl., Tangguoxiantiao and Zungui, Bulanshige and Sanyayangguang, Adanglv and Taohuayijiu, respectively. These results had important guiding effect on the breeding, cultivation and application of Dendrobium nobile.