Effects of Phosphate Fertilizer Application Rates on Agronomic Characters and Yield Components of Longshu 601
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摘要: 研究磷肥施用量对早熟高产甘薯品种龙薯601产量的影响，为实现良法配套良种、推进新品种示范推广提供技术支持。试验采用单因素随机区组设计，以不施肥处理为空白对照（CK），分析不同磷肥施用量（0、37.5、75、112.5、150、300 kg·hm-2）对甘薯农艺性状、产量及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明：与不施肥相比，施肥处理均显著增加甘薯商品薯率，施磷肥（施磷肥112.5 kg·hm-2除外）与不施磷肥处理差异均达显著水平，以施磷肥75.0 kg·hm-2和施磷肥150.0 kg·hm-2的商品薯率较高。各施肥处理产量均显著高于不施肥处理（CK），与不施磷肥（P2）处理相比，适量增施磷肥可以显著提高龙薯601的产量，施磷量112.5 kg·hm-2（P5）处理，产量最高达61.06 t·hm-2。将磷肥施用量与龙薯601鲜薯产量之间进行二次曲线函数拟合，拟合方程为Y=-0.000 34X2+0.114 014X+49.313 8，r=0.965 5，根据二次函数峰值出现位置模拟计算，当磷肥施用量为167.67 kg·hm-2时，龙薯601鲜薯产量可达最高（58.87 t·hm-2）。适量施磷肥可以提高甘薯的经济效益，投资率最大的为施磷量112.5 kg·hm-2（P5）处理，即在施纯氮（N）90 kg·hm-2、钾肥（K2O）150 kg·hm-2、磷肥（P2O5）112.5 kg·hm-2时，肥料投资率最高，可达12.55。Abstract: The effects of phosphate fertilizer application rates on the yield of sweet potato variety Longshu 601 (a cultivar with early maturity and high yield) were studied, in order to provide technical support for the realization of combining good methods with improved varieties and promoting the demonstration and promotion of new varieties. In this experiment, the single-factor randomized block design was used to analyze the effects of different phosphate fertilizer application rates (0, 37.5, 75, 112.5, 150, and 300 kg·hm-2) on the agronomic traits, yield and yield components of sweet potato with no fertilization treatment as the blank control (CK). The results showed that compared with no fertilization, the commercial potato rate of sweet potato with the fertilization treatments was all significantly increased. There was a significant difference between the application of phosphate fertilizer (except 112.5 kg·hm-2) and no application of phosphate fertilizer, and the potato yield treated with the application rate of 75.0 kg·hm-2 and 150.0 kg·hm-2 were higher. The yield treated with different fertilizer application rates was significantly higher than that treated with no fertilization (CK). Compared with no phosphate fertilization treatment (P2), the yield of Longshu 601 treated with the appropriate phosphate fertilization was significantly increased, and the maximum yield was 61.06 t·hm-2 when treated with the phosphate application rate of 112.5 kg·hm-2(P5). The quadratic curve function fitting was carried out between the phosphate fertilizer application amount and the yield of fresh potato of Longshu 601. The fitted equation was Y=-0.000 34X2+0.114 014X+49.313 8, r=0.965 5. According to the simulated calculation of the peak of quadratic curve, the yield of fresh potato of Longshu 601 reached the highest (58.87 t·hm-2) when the application amount of phosphate fertilizer was 167.67 kg·hm-2. The economic benefit of sweet potato could be improved by applying the proper amount of phosphate fertilizer, and the highest investment rate could be reached when treated with the phosphate fertilizer application rate of 112.5 kg·hm-2 (P5). In other words, the investment rate of fertilizer was the highest (reaching 12.55) when applying the nitrogen fertilizer (N) of 90 kg·hm-2, potassium fertilizer (K2O) of 150 kg·hm-2 and phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) of 112.5 kg·hm-2.
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Keywords:
- Sweet potato /
- Phosphate fertilizer /
- Longshu601 /
- Agronomic character /
- Yield
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