Abstract: Through the comparison of aroma components in the water of Fenghua rose from different producing areas in Fujian Province, the influence of environmental and climatic conditions on the aroma quality of Fenghua rose was explored, thus to provide theoretical basis for the selection of cultivation conditions of rose and the improvement of flower quality. The aroma components in the water of Fenghua rose extracted by steam distillation were detected by using the static headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The mass spectra of each component were searched and analyzed by computer spectral library (NIST/WILEY), and the artificial spectrogram was analyzed by combining with the literatures. Then, the main aroma components in the water of Fenghua rose from different producing areas in Fujian Province were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that 48, 56, 69, 44, 55, 47 aroma components were respectively identified from the water of Fenghua roses in Jin'an District of Fuzhou, Pingnan County, Qingliu County, Taining County, Longwen District of Zhangzhou and Zherong County, and the total relative contents of aroma components were respectively 99.88%, 99.85%, 99.81%, 99.82%, 99.83% and 99.89%. The water of Fenghua rose mainly contained the components such as terpenes, esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amines, ethers, aromatic species, etc., among which the aroma components with high relative content were borane dimethyl sulfide complex compound, 2-aziridine ethylamine, heptanal, linalool, (2S-cis)-tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-allyl) -2H-pyran, citronellol, nerol, rhodinyl acetate, methyleugenol, etc. The characteristic aroma components such as citronellol, nerol and rose oxide varied greatly in the water of Fenghua rose from different producing areas in Fujian, among which the relative contents of the characteristic aroma components in the water of Fenghua rose from Jin'an District of Fuzhou were higher, being 61.31%, 15.48% and 1.36%, respectively. In conclusion, the analysis showed that different producing areas had certain influence on the aroma components in the water of Fenghua rose. The water of Fenghua rose from Jin'an District of Fuzhou had abundant top fragrance, rich fragrance levels and the best aroma quality, which had a variety of antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-depression physiological activities.