Abstract: In order to understand the vertical change law of soil fertility quality of cherry orchards in Zunyi City, the soil layers of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm in healthy and diseased (suffering from gummosis) cherry orchards were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that:(1) With the deepening of soil layer, the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased gradually in both healthy and diseased cherry orchards. The pH value of soil in the healthy cherry orchards decreased gradually with the deepening of soil layer, while the soil pH value in the diseased cherry orchards changed on the contrary. (2) The soil fertility quality of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers in the healthy and diseased cherry orchards were respectively grade Ⅱ, grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ.