生物炭和黄腐酸钾对连作地太子参生长、产量及品质的影响

    Effects of Biochar and Fulvic Acid Potassium on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Pseudostellaria Heterophylla in the Continuous Cropping Field

    • 摘要: 为了筛选适合太子参连作地的土壤改良剂,采用大田试验研究了不同用量生物炭、黄腐酸钾对连作地太子参生长、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:施用不同量生物炭(3 000、5 250、7 500 kg·hm-2)可提高太子参出苗率21.78%、9.32%、14.65%;施用不同量生物炭对萌芽期太子参植株生长无显著影响,但提高了旺长期单株重及叶绿素含量;生物炭施用量为7 500 kg·hm-2时产量增加11.51%,块根多糖含量提高44.44%;生物炭施用量为3 000 kg·hm-2时皂苷含量提高23.27%。施用不同量黄腐酸钾(525、1 125、1 725 kg·hm-2)太子参出苗率降低,但提高了太子参旺长期叶片数及叶片大小;施用不同用量黄腐酸钾(525、1 125、1 725 kg·hm-2)时太子参产量出现不同程度降低,但其块根多糖含量分别提高51.20%、37.34%、46.84%,皂苷含量分别提高8.04%、5.72%、14.30%。

       

      Abstract: In order to select the soil amendments suitable for the continuous cropping of Pseudostellaria heterophylla, the effects of different amounts of biochar and fulvic acid potassium on the growth, yield and quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla were studied by the field experiments. The results showed that the application of different amounts of biochar (3 000, 5 250, and 7 500 kg·hm-2) could increase the seedling emergence rates of Pseudostellaria heterophylla by 21.78%, 9.32%, and 14.65%; the application of different amounts of biochar had no significant effects on the plant growth of Pseudostellaria heterophylla at the germination period, but increased the single-plant weight and the content of chlorophyll at the vigorous growing period. When the application rate of biochar was 7 500 kg·hm-2, the yield increased by 11.51% and the content of polysaccharides in root tuber increased by 44.44%; when the application rate of biochar was 3 000 kg·hm-2, the saponin content increased by 23.27 %. The application of different amounts of fulvic acid potassium(525 kg·hm-2, 1 125 kg·hm-2, and 1 725 kg·hm-2) decreased the seedling emergence rate of Pseudostellaria heterophylla, but increased the leaf number and leaf size of Pseudostellaria heterophylla at the vigorous growing period. When different amounts of fulvic acid potassium (525 kg·hm-2, 1 125 kg·hm-2, and 1 725 kg·hm-2) were applied, the yield of Pseudostellaria heterophylla decreased in different levels, but the content of polysaccharides in root tuber increased by 51.20%, 37.34% and 46.84%, respectively, and the saponin content increased by 8.04%, 5.72% and 14.30%, respectively.

       

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