Abstract: In order to study the effect of creating the new germplasm of excellent oil-purpose type peanut by using the irradiation mutagenesis with ⁶⁰Co-γ ray combined with the technology of near-infrared spectrum quality analysis, the dry seeds of peanut, Shanyouhong No.2, were irradiated with 350 and 400 Gy doses of ⁶⁰Co-γ ray, and the progeny materials were identified and screened by using near-infrared spectroscopy analysis and other methods. The results showed that: by taking the medial lethal dose as the choice criterion, the appropriate dose of irradiation mutagenesis with ⁶⁰Co-γ ray for the dry seeds of Shanyouhong No.2 was 350 Gy; and then two excellent oil-purpose type strains of M₅ were created. Among them, the crude fat content of Fushanyouhong No.2 350/51 was 3.21% higher than that of the control group (Shanyouhong No.2), reaching a very significant level. The yield of dry pods increased by 3.01% compared with the control group, and the peanut kernel rate was comparable to that of the control group. The crude fat content of Fushan youhong No.2 350/57 was 2.95% higher than that of the control group, reaching a very significant level. The yield of dry pods increased by 10.84% compared with the control group, and the peanut kernel rate was significantly higher than that of the control group. The results of this study provided excellent new germplasms for the genetic improvement of peanut, and also provided reference for the research on the breeding of peanut by irradiation mutation with ⁶⁰Co-γ ray.