Abstract: Perilla frutescens was rich in resources and low in cost in China, of which the leaves have been widely used in the field of medicine and spices. The essential oil was one of its main functional components, which was rich in a variety of active ingredients, with various effects such as antioxidation, antibacterial, and anti-corrosion, and also had great potential for development. Since the efficacy of essential oil extracted from the leaves of Perilla frutescens was closely related to its chemical composition, the extraction process, analysis method, chemical composition and chemical type of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Perilla frutescens were summarized by systematically analyzing the relevant literature, in order to provide valuable reference for the further development and application of different types of essential oil extracted from the leaves of Perilla frutescens in the future.