Abstract: In order to understand the growth of Ilex asprella under Chinese fir forest with different canopy densities, the Chinese fir forest land with the canopy density of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 was selected for intercropping with Ilex asprella, in order to explore the most suitable canopy density of Chinese fir forest to interplant Ilex asprella. The results showed that, the best canopy density of Chinese fir forest for intercropping with Ilex asprella was 0.4. At this time, the agronomic traits of Ilex asprella were the best, and the plant height, main stem diameter and root diameter were the largest, which were (145.00 ± 11.76), (1.63 ± 0.12) and (1.54 ± 0.08) cm, respectively. The root length was (31.65 ± 1.17) cm. The root weight and branch weight were the largest, which were (376.66 ± 25.87) g and (720.00 ± 101.03) g, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the height of Ilex asprella was significantly positively correlated with branch weight and root weight, respectively, which could be used as an important indicator for evaluating the quality of Ilex asprella.