郑雪芳,林营志,林莹,等. 茄子青枯病发生率与田间生态因子的相关性分析 [J]. 福建农业科技,2024,55(6):07−12. DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2024.06.002
    引用本文: 郑雪芳,林营志,林莹,等. 茄子青枯病发生率与田间生态因子的相关性分析 [J]. 福建农业科技,2024,55(6):07−12. DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2024.06.002
    ZHENG Xue-fang, LIN Ying-zhi, LIN Ying, ZHU Yu-jing, CHE Jian-mei, CHEN Mei-chun, LIU Bo. Correlation Analysis Between Incidence Rate of Eggplant Bacterial Wilt and Ecological Factors in the Field[J]. Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 55(6): 7-12. DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2024.06.002
    Citation: ZHENG Xue-fang, LIN Ying-zhi, LIN Ying, ZHU Yu-jing, CHE Jian-mei, CHEN Mei-chun, LIU Bo. Correlation Analysis Between Incidence Rate of Eggplant Bacterial Wilt and Ecological Factors in the Field[J]. Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 55(6): 7-12. DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2024.06.002

    茄子青枯病发生率与田间生态因子的相关性分析

    Correlation Analysis Between Incidence Rate of Eggplant Bacterial Wilt and Ecological Factors in the Field

    • 摘要: 为了解析茄子青枯病发生率与田间生态因子的关系,在厦门同安茄子青枯病发病典型区,安装了农业生境野外数据观测装备,采集气温、地温、相对湿度、雨量、太阳辐射、光合有效辐射、光照度、CO2浓度和土壤容积含水率等生态因子数据,并在营养生长期和生殖生长期调查茄子青枯病发病情况和青枯病原的分布特性。结果表明:茄子营养生长期的气温(28.6℃)、地温(30.1℃)和相对湿度(66.17%),均适宜青枯病发生;茄子在营养生长期的发病率(7.90%)和病情指数(5.40)大于生殖生长期的发病率(3.43%)和病情指数(2.47);青枯菌在发病2级的植株及根际土壤中分布最多,分别为营养生长期的81.80×105 cfu·g−1和生殖生长期的99.31×105 cfu·g−1;强致病力青枯菌在发病植株和根际土壤中的分布量分别大于104 cfu·g−1和105 cfu·g−1。茄子青枯发病率与气温、地温、相对湿度、雨量、光照辐射和二氧化碳浓度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与光照度和土壤容积含水率呈显著正相关(P <0.05)。研究结果为青枯病预测预报技术的建立及病害的有效防控提供依据。

       

      Abstract: In order to analyze the relationship between the incidence of eggplant bacterial wilt and the ecological factors in the field, the field data observation equipment of agricultural habitat was installed in the typical area of eggplant bacterial wilt in Tong’an of Xiamen. Then, the data of ecological factors such as air temperature, ground temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, solar radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, illuminance, CO2 concentration and soil volumetric water content were collected. And the incidence of bacterial wilt and the distribution characteristics of pathogens for bacterial wilt in eggplant were investigated during the vegetative growth and generative growth stages. The results showed that the air temperature (28.6℃), ground temperature (30.1℃) and relative humidity (66.17%) in the vegetative growth period of eggplant were suitable for the occurrence of bacterial wilt. The incidence (7.90%) and disease index (5.40) of eggplant in the vegetative growth period were higher than the incidence (3.43%) and disease index (2.47) in the generative growth period. The distribution of Ralstonia solanacearum was the highest in the plants in the second stage of disease and their rhizosphere soil, which were 81.80×105 cfu·g−1 in the vegetative growth period and 99.31×105 cfu·g−1 in the generative growth period. The distribution of Ralstonia solanacearum with high pathogenicity in the diseased plants and rhizosphere soil was more than 104 cfu·g−1 and 105 cfu·g−1, respectively. The incidence of bacterial wilt in eggplant was significantly positively correlated with air temperature, ground temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, illumination radiation and carbon dioxide concentration (P<0.01), and was significantly positively correlated with illuminance and soil volumetric water content (P<0.05). The research results provided the basis for the establishment of the prediction and forecast technology of bacterial wilt and the effective prevention and control of the disease.

       

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