Control Effect of Composite Microbial Agent on Banana Fusarium Wilt and Its Growth-promoting Effect
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摘要:
香蕉枯萎病是香蕉生产上重要土传病害,生物防治是目前预防该病害发生的有效途径之一。通过不同生防菌平板生长共培养法和发酵液抑菌活性测定法,获得1组复合生防菌(解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1+木霉菌T05-49)。采用发酵液灌根法测定了复合生防菌(NJ-1+T05-49)对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果、促生作用以及对根际土壤微生物种群数量的影响。结果表明:复合生防菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1和木霉菌T05-49发酵液对香蕉枯萎病的防效分别为78.92%、66.46%和52.46%。与解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1和木霉菌T05-49发酵液相比,复合生防菌处理对病害的防效分别提高了18.75%和50.43%,株高和主根长度的增幅分别达9.22%、26.87%和8.58%、21.95%。复合生防菌处理21 d后,根际土壤中细菌和放线菌数量分别为9.10×106 cfu·g−1和20.83×105 cfu·g−1,真菌数量仅为0.70×103 cfu·g−1,细菌和放线菌的数量得到显著的增加。研究结果为复合生防菌(NJ-1+T05-49)在香蕉枯萎病生物防治上的开发应用提供依据。
Abstract:Banana fusarium wilt was an important soil-borne disease in the production of banana. Biological control was one of the effective ways to prevent the occurrence of this disease. A group of composite microbial agent (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJ-1 and Trchoderma T05-49) was obtained by using the methods of plate growth co-culture of different microbial agents and the antimicrobial activation measurement of fermentation broth. The effects of compound microbial agent (NJ-1+T05-49) on the prevention efficacy of banana fusarium wilt, the growth-promoting effect of banana and the number of microbial population in rhizosphere soil were measured by using the method of irrigating the root with fermentation broth. The results showed that the prevention efficacy of the fermentation broth of composite microbial agent, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJ-1 and Trchoderma T05-49 on banana fusarium wilt were 78.92%, 66.46% and 52.46%, respectively. Compared with the fermentation broth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJ-1 and Trchoderma T05-49, the prevention efficacy of composite microbial agent on the disease was increased by 18.75% and 50.43%, respectively. The plant height and main root length were increased by 9.22%, 26.87% and 8.58%, 21.95%, respectively. After being treated with the compound microbial agent for 21 days, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil were 9.10×106 cfu·g−1 and 20.83×105 cfu·g−1, respectively, and the number of fungi was 0.70×103 cfu·g−1. The number of bacteria and actinomycetes was significantly increased. The results provided the basis for the development and application of composite microbial agent(NJ-1+T05-49)in the biological control of banana fusarium wilt.
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表 1 不同处理组对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果
Table 1 Control effects of different treatment groups on banana fusarium wilt
处理 病情指数 防治效果(%) 复合生防菌 12.86±2.85dC 78.92±4.42aA 解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1 20.48±3.60cBC 66.46±5.35bAB 木霉菌T05-49 29.05±4.36bB 52.46±5.29cB 对 照 60.95±2.18aA - 注:同列数据中不同大小写字母分别表示差异极显著(P<0.01)和差异显著(P<0.05),下同。 表 2 不同处理组对香蕉的促生作用
Table 2 Growth-promoting effects of different treatment groups on banana
处理 叶片数(片) 主根长度(mm) 株高(mm) 复合生防菌 8.10±0.17aA 47.73±1.86aA 65.83±2.15aA 解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1 7.67±0.49abA 43.33±1.66bB 60.18±0.75bB 木霉菌T05-49 7.43±0.21bAB 37.62±1.04cC 53.98±1.61cC 对 照 6.60±0.26cB 27.02±0.53dD 42.50±0.99dD -
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