Abstract: The fruit of A. oxyphylla was the main harvested part, while the stalks, leaves and roots were usually left unused. In order to make full use of these tissues with high biological yield, the volatile oil components of different tissues were analyzed by headspace sampling and GC-MS technology in this study, providing a scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of A. oxyphylla. The results showed that the volatile oil content was the highest in root tuber（0.22%), followed by leaves, and the least in stem. A total of 52 volatile components were detected by GC-MS. Olefin compounds were the most abundant, followed by alcohols. Among them, γ-terpinene, myrtenal, α-pinene, β-pinene, β-Ocimene and p-Cymene were the main components in all tissues of A. oxyphylla. The contents of α-terpinene, sabinene, α-Humulene and trans-β-Terpineol were higher than those of the other 3 tissues, but 10 compounds such as α-bergamotene, α-Curcumene and β-sesquiphellandrene were not detected in fruit. Principal component analysis was used to simplify 52 indexes into 6 composite indexes, and the composite scores of principal components were ranked from high to low as leaves, stems, roots and fruits. According to the size of F value, it was found that the essential oil composition of fruit was different from other tissues, but the difference between the other three tissues was small in A. oxyphylla.