2种动物油脂对田间红火蚁的 引诱效果分析

    Research on the Attraction Effects of Two Kinds of Animal Fats and Oils onSolenopsis invicta in the Field

      摘要
    • 摘要: 红火蚁是我国危害严重的外来入侵生物之一，饵剂防治是目前最主要的田间防治方法，而筛选出性能稳定且诱集突出的引诱物是饵剂制作关键环节之一。于红火蚁觅食活跃期（5月），对比猪油（动物油脂1）、昆虫油脂（动物油脂2）和火腿肠在不同蚁巢情况（成熟、初期、不可见蚁巢区域）对田间红火蚁的引诱效果，通过引诱始见时间、引诱数量、平均诱集速率、相对诱集速率差异百分比和相对引诱率5项指标来判定引诱物的引诱性能。结果表明：在成熟蚁巢区域，动物油脂2对红火蚁的引诱效果显著优于动物油脂1和火腿肠，体现在引诱始见时间极显著更快、引诱数量极显著更多、平均诱集速率及相对引诱率更高；在初期蚁巢区域，动物油脂2亦具优势，虽引诱始见时间与火腿肠、动物油脂1无显著差异，但引诱数量极显著多于火腿肠，且平均诱集速率和相对引诱率高于动物油脂1；在不可见蚁巢区域，因红火蚁发生程度低，3种引诱物引诱数量均不多且差异不大，不过2种动物油脂的平均诱集速率、相对引诱率高于火腿肠。综上，2种动物油脂对红火蚁均具有较好的引诱效果，可作为红火蚁饵剂制作的引诱物选择。

       

      Abstract: Solenopsis invicta is one of the alien invasive organisms that cause serious harm in China. Bait control is currently the primary field control method, and screening out attractants with stable performance and outstanding attraction is one of the crucial steps in bait production.During the active foraging period of Solenopsis invicta（May）, the attraction effects of two kinds of animal fats and ham sausages on Solenopsis invicta in the field under different ant nest conditions（mature, initial, and areas without visible ant nests）were compared. The attraction performance of the attractants was evaluated through five indicators, namely the initial appearance time, the number of attracted ants, the average attraction rate, the percentage difference in the relative attraction rate, and the relative attraction rate.The results showed that in the area of mature ant nests, the attraction effect of animal fat 2 on Solenopsis invicta was significantly better than that of animal fat 1 and ham sausages. This was reflected in that its initial appearance time was extremely significantly faster, the number of attracted ants was extremely significantly larger, and both the average attraction rate and the relative attraction rate were higher. In the area of initial ant nests, animal fat 2 also had an advantage. Although there was no significant difference in the initial appearance time among animal fat 2, ham sausages and animal fat 1, the number of attracted ants was extremely significantly greater than that of ham sausages, and both the average attraction rate and the relative attraction rate were higher than those of animal fat 1. In the area without visible ant nests, due to the low occurrence degree of Solenopsis invicta, the numbers of attracted ants by the three attractants were all small and the differences were not significant. However, the average attraction rates and relative attraction rates of the two kinds of animal fats were higher than those of ham sausages.In conclusion, both of the two kinds of animal fats have good attraction effects on Solenopsis invicta and can be selected as attractants for the production of Solenopsis invicta baits.

       

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