苦瓜新品种广良110的选育

    Breeding of the New Bitter gourd Cultivar GL 110

    • 摘要: 广良110是由高代自交系YIN - 21(母本)与高代自交系YIN - 32(父本)杂交培育而成的新品种,属于油瓜类型。该品种植株生长势强,从播种至初收,春季需74~84 d、秋季仅需50~51 d;果实形态良好,果实纵径27~30 cm、横径6~7 cm,单瓜重约450 g;果色油绿亮泽,果型端正,肩较平、尾较钝;2023年在珠海、广州、湛江多点试验中,春季平均产量达45 540.00 kg·hm−2,较对照增产9.7%;秋季平均产量36 495.00 kg·hm−2,较对照增产9.5%;综合抗病性好,田间试验未发生枯萎病,其白粉病病情指数为9.26,优于对照丰绿苦瓜。经检测,广良110可溶性固形物含量为2.7%,抗坏血酸(维生素C)含量为54.4 mg·hg−1,粗纤维含量0.8%。综合来看,广良110适宜在广东地区的春秋两季进行种植。

       

      Abstract: Guangliang 110 is a new variety developed through hybridization with high-generation inbred line YIN-21 as the female parent and high-generation inbred line YIN-32 as the male parent. This variety belongs to the oil gourd type, with strong plant growth vigor. The time from sowing to first harvest is 74-84 d in spring and 50-51 d in autumn. The fruit has a longitudinal diameter of 27-30 cm and a transverse diameter of 6-7 cm, with an average weight of about 450 g. The fruit color is bright and glossy, with a regular shape, a relatively flat shoulder and a blunt tail. The results of variety comparison trials show that the yield of Guangliang 110 bitter gourd in autumn 2022 and spring 2023 was 34607.55 kg·hm−2 and 37098.15 kg·hm−2 respectively, with an increase of 6% and 40.0% compared to the control variety Fenglv bitter gourd. In multi-point trials in Zhuhai, Guangzhou and Zhanjiang in 2023, the average yield in spring reached 45540.00 kg·hm−2, with an increase of 9.7% compared to the control; the average yield in autumn was 36495.00 kg·hm−2, with an increase of 9.5% compared to the control. After testing, the soluble solid content of Guangliang 110 bitter gourd variety is 2.7%, the ascorbic acid(vitamin C)content is 54.4 mg·100 g−1, and the crude fiber content is 0.8%. The resistance to powdery mildew was identified as highly resistant. This variety is suitable for cultivation in spring and autumn in the Guangdong region.

       

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