闽西地区2022−2024年规模猪场猪流感病毒血清学调查

    Serological investigation of swine influenza virus infection in western of Fujian Province during 2022~2024

    • 摘要: 为探究福建省闽西地区规模猪场猪流感病毒(Swine Influenza Virus,SIV)的流行情况,采用ELISA方法对2022年1月至2024年12月期间采自连城县、上杭县、永定区、清流县规模猪场的457份健康猪血清样品进行SIV抗体检测,并针对阳性血清开展H1、H3、H5、H7和H9亚型检测,同时从地区、年份、季节、生长阶段等方面进行统计分析。结果表明:闽西地区规模猪场来源的457份样品中223份为SIV抗体阳性,阳性率为48.80%。在阳性血清样品中,H1亚型占比77.58%(173/223),H3亚型占比2.69%(6/233),未检测到H5、H7、H9亚型。闽西不同地区、不同季节的SIV抗体阳性率无显著差异(P>0.05),但2023年的阳性率显著高于2024年和2022年(P<0.05);母猪的阳性率显著高于公猪(P<0.05),且母猪和育肥猪的阳性率均显著高于保育猪和哺乳仔猪(P<0.05)。研究结果为本区域SIV防控工作的开展提供了重要的数据支撑。

       

      Abstract: To investigate the prevalence of swine influenza virus(SIV)in large-scale pig herds in western of Fujian Province, China, a total of 457 healthy pig serum samples collected from Liancheng County, Shanghang County, Yongding District and Qingliu County between January 2022 to December 2024 were tested for swine influenza A antibodies by ELISA. Positive sera were further subtyped for H1, H3, H5, H7 and H9. Statistical analyses were performed according to different regions, years, seasons and growth stages. The results revealed that out of the 457 samples from large-scale pig farms in western of Fujian Province, 223 were positive for SIV antibodies, yielding an overall positive rate of 48.80%. Among the positive samples, H1 accounted for 77.58%(173/223) and H3 for 2.69%(6/223), whereas H5, H7 and H9 were not detected. No significant differences in antibody positive rate were observed among regions or seasons(P>0.05), but the positive rate in 2023 was significantly higher than that in 2024 and 2022(P<0.05). Sow herds showed significantly higher prevalence than boars(P<0.05), and the positive rate of swine influenza A antibodies in sow herd and fattening pigs were significantly higher than that of snursery pigs and suckling piglets(P<0.05). These findings provide crucial data support for the formulation and implementation of regional SIV prevention and control strategies.

       

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