天麻工厂化立体代料栽培技术规程

    Technical Specifications for Factory-Based Three-Dimensional Substrate-Free Cultivation of Gastrodia Elata

    • 摘要: 为破解康县传统天麻栽培“毁林砍树、种一歇三”的瓶颈,在阳坝镇2年多中试基础上,集成菌种工厂化生产、立体层架代料栽培、智能环控、菌材循环等关键技术,形成天麻工厂化立体代料栽培技术规程。该规程明确产地环境、菌材制备、立体设施、栽培管理、病虫防控、采收储运、菌渣再利用等7大环节28项技术参数,实现“三节一增”(节水40%、节地60%、节橡木100%,增产30%以上),为康县打造陇东南天麻工厂化核心区提供标准化模式。

       

      Abstract: To overcome the bottlenecks of traditional Gastrodia elata Blume cultivation in Kang County-namely “deforestation and the one-year-on, three-year-off planting cycle”, this paper integrates key technologies including industrialized spawn production, multi-tiered substrate cultivation, intelligent environmental control, and substrate recycling. Based on over two years of pilot testing in Yangba Town, it establishes the “Technical Specifications for Industrialized Multi-Tiered Substrate Cultivation of Gastrodia elata Blume.” The protocol specifies 28 technical parameters across seven major stages, including production site environment, substrate preparation, multi-tiered facilities, cultivation management, pest and disease control, harvesting, storage, transportation, and substrate residue reuse. It achieves “three reductions and one increase”(40% water savings, 60% land savings, 100% oak wood savings, and over 30% yield increase), providing a standardized model for establishing Kang County as the core industrialized ginseng cultivation zone for Longnan gastrodia.

       

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