Abstract: In order to solve the problems of complex understory environment and the difficulty of traditional management in achieving accurate monitoring and dynamic regulation of key ecological factors in the tree-herb system, this study aimed to construct the scientific and systematic intelligent monitoring index system and regulation system, and to improve the management modernization level of compound forest-medicinal plant system. By taking the typical compound forest-medicinal plant system in Fujian Province as the research object, the core monitoring indicators of understory microenvironment were systematically sorted out. Then, the multiple types of real-time sensors and regular high-throughput analysis were integrated to achieve the dynamic monitoring of ecological factors such as luminous environment, microclimate, air quality, soil and vegetation response. Based on the monitoring data, the environmental precise regulation strategy for different forest types and medicinal material species was put forward, and the closed-loop management system of "monitoring-diagnosis-regulation-feedback" was constructed, and also the practical application and effect evaluation were carried out in many places. After the application and demonstration in more than 30 bases in Ningde and Sanming of Fujian Province, the intelligent monitoring and regulation system significantly improved the stability of the understory environment. The proportion of time when the soil moisture content was in the appropriate range increased by 25%, the yield of medicinal materials increased by 18%, and the utilization efficiency of light, water and nutrients increased by more than 20%. At the same time, the system realized the data docking and intelligent management with the municipal level forestry information platform.