响应面法优化康普茶静置发酵工艺

    Optimization of kombucha fermentation process based on glucose metabolism by response surface method

    • 摘要: 康普茶是一种功能性饮料,它以加糖的红茶汤为培养基,经酵母菌与醋酸菌的共生体(俗称“红茶菌”)发酵制备而成。旨在优化康普茶静置发酵条件以提高有机酸产率,从而提升产品的风味与品质稳定性。研究选取与糖代谢密切相关的4个关键因素葡萄糖浓度、茶叶浓度、菌种接种量及培养温度,选取发酵6 d后的最终pH值、最终总酸浓度、最终残糖作为评价指标,先通过单因素试验确定各参数的适宜范围,然后运用响应面分析法对工艺条件开展系统优化。结果表明:康普茶静置发酵最优工艺条件为葡萄糖浓度8%,茶叶浓度0.6%,菌种接种量7%,培养温度30℃。在该条件下培养6 d,所得的发酵康普茶色泽均匀透亮,质地均一且无分层现象,最终总酸浓度达到36.3 mg·mL−1,为发酵康普茶的工业化生产提供了技术支撑。

       

      Abstract: Kombucha is a functional beverage that is prepared by fermenting sweetened black tea with a symbiotic culture of yeast and acetic acid bacteria, commonly known as "black tea fungus". This study aims to optimize the static fermentation conditions in order to increase the yield of organic acids, thereby enhancing the flavor and stability of the product. The study selected four key factors closely related to sugar metabolism-glucose concentration, tea concentration, inoculation amount and temperature. The final pH value, final total acid concentration and final residual sugar after 6days of fermentation were selected as evaluation indicators. Firstly, the appropriate ranges of each parameter were determined through single-factor experiments, and then the response surface analysis method was used to systematically optimize the process conditions. The experimental results showed that the optimal process conditions were: glucose concentration 8%, tea concentration 0.6%, inoculum size 7%, and temperature 30°C. Under these conditions, the kombucha fermented for 6days exhibited uniform and bright color, consistent texture without separation, and a total acid content of 36.3 mg·mL−1, providing technical support for the industrial production of fermented kombucha.

       

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