Abstract: Currently, sweet potato varieties in China face issues such as a narrow genetic base and insufficient genetic diversity.Moreover, there was a shortage of high-quality, high-yielding, disease-resistant, and specialized varieties that meet market demands in production. To broaden the genetic foundation for breeding, there was an urgent need for the identification, evaluation, and innovation of specific germplasm resources. The identification of phenotypic traits in sweet potato germplasm resources was based on the “Descriptive Specification and Data Standards for sweet potato germplasm Resources,” From the budding stage to the end of the growth period, 16 sweet potato germplasm resources were evaluated and assessed for their agronomic traits, tuber characteristics,yield,nutritional components and taste,disease resistance,and combining ability. The results showed that among the 16 sweetpotato germplasm resources, seven high-yielding germplasms（Longshu 9, Pushu 6, Yanshu 5, Jishu 26, Hongjinshu 3, Longshu 601, and Longshu 24）were identified. Through disease resistance evaluation, three germplasms（Longshu 9, Pushu 6, and Yanshu 5）with high resistance to Fusarium wilt were screened out, but none of the tested germplasms were resistant to bacterial wilt. Four germplasms—Pushu 32, Guangshu 87, Longshu 24, and Jishu 26—were selected as core parents for high-quality table-use sweetpotato. The taste score of the 16 sweetpotato germplasms showed a highly significant positive correlation with drying rate and a significant positive correlation with starch content, but no significant correlation with soluble sugar content. In breeding practice, it is recommended to strengthen the evaluation of steamed and boiled eating quality starting from low-generation materials. For future assessment of sweetness, research on the sugar composition of steamed storage roots should be intensified to accelerate the development of breakthrough varieties with superior quality.