Abstract:
In order to solve the problems of frequent occurrence of peanut bacterial wilt, leaf spot and rust in the high temperature and high humidity environment of Fujian and similar southern ecological regions, as well as the variety mixing and degeneration, and the difficulty in balancing yield and resistance, a sexual hybridization was made by using the high-yield, good-quality and multi-resistant intermediate material 0835-010-1 as the female parent and Quanhua No.7 as the male parent. A combination of pedigree method and single seed descent was adopted for the breeding. After the multi-generation screening, identification and experiments from 2011 to 2022, the new peanut variety Quanhua No.24 was developed. This variety belonged to the pearl bean type with a whole growth period of 125.8 days. The plant was erect and loose with excellent comprehensive traits. The results of multi-location experiments in Fujian from 2019 to 2020 showed that the average pod yield was
4413.75 kg·hm
−2, which was 13.79% higher than that of the control variety Quanhua No.7; and the average kernel yield was
3009.15 kg·hm
−2, which was 13.23% higher than that of the control. The disease resistance identification showed resistance to bacterial wilt, high resistance to rust, and moderate resistance to leaf spot. The quality testing indicated the oil content of 47.66% and the protein content of 28.6%, classifying it as a high-protein variety. It was registered as a national non-major crop variety in 2024 〔Registration number: GPD Peanut (2024) 350098〕and obtained the new plant variety right in 2025 (Variety right number: CNA20231007613), which was suitable for being planted in Fujian and similar southern ecological regions, providing excellent variety support for the high and stable yield of regional peanut industry.