Abstract: In order to further strengthen the dominant position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises and accelerate the high-quality development of crop seed enterprises in China, the relevant data on the development of crop seed enterprises in China from 2021 to 2024 were analyzed, and the policy suggestions were also put forward. The results showed that: since 2021, China’s crop seed enterprises have shown a good momentum of rapid and robust development, with gradual expansion of operational scale, significant improvements in innovation capabilities, and gradually emerging advantages among the leading enterprises. However, at the same time, the development of China’s crop seed enterprises was also facing a series of prominent problems and challenges, such as the notable characteristics of “numerous, small, scattered, and weak”leading to weak core competitiveness in the market, the obvious shortcomings in seed sources and technology leading to the difficulty of continuous promotion of commercial breeding of enterprises, the prominent problem of difficult loan financing leading to low investment intensity of enterprises’ scientific and technological research, insufficient construction of seed breeding bases leading to the dual limitations in seed production capacity and quality, and the lack of seed industry research personnel leading to insufficient endogenous driving force for technological innovation in enterprises. Therefore, during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the efforts should be made to promote the mergers and acquisitions of seed industry enterprises, and cultivate the top and “specialized, refined, unique and new” enterprises; promote the deep cooperation between higher education institutions and research institutes with seed industry enterprises, and enhance their independent scientific and technological innovation capabilities; increase the capital investment in seed industry enterprises, and improve the fiscal, financial, and insurance policy support system; strengthen the construction of seed breeding bases for seed enterprises, and achieve the synchronous development of optimizing bases and strengthening enterprises; strengthen the construction of the scientific and technological talent team in seed enterprises, and focus on the introduction and cultivation of scientific and technological talents in enterprises.