优质甜糯玉米福宝甜糯223选育及栽培技术

    Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of the High-quality Sweet-waxy Maize New Variety Fubao Tiannuo 223

    • 摘要: 为提升福建省鲜食玉米产业对优质、高产、抗病甜加糯品种的需求,利用单倍体技术和系谱法选育出优质亲本闽糯系WF19和闽甜系S223,并进一步杂交选育出优质甜加糯玉米福宝甜糯223。该品种春播出苗至采青约83.6 d,株型半紧凑,白粒白轴,穗长20.0 cm,鲜百粒重38.3 g,鲜出籽率62.3%,抗倒性强;两年区域试验的鲜果穗平均产量为16 051.5 kg·hm−2,比对照万农甜糯158增产5.7%,品质鉴评86.9分,甜度与糯性优于对照;田间表现抗纹枯病、抗大斑病、抗小斑病、抗南方锈病和高抗茎腐病,接菌结果表现为感纹枯病、中抗大斑病、感小斑病。福宝甜糯223适宜在福建及东南鲜食玉米区种植,每667 m2种植密度以30003200株为宜,配套种子包衣、科学施肥与病虫害绿色防控可实现优质高产。文章系统阐述福宝甜糯223的亲本来源、选育经过、特征特性、产量表现及栽培技术要点,为该品种推广应用提供参考依据。

       

      Abstract: In order to improve the demand for high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant sweet-waxy maize varieties in the fresh edible maize industry in Fujian Province, the high-quality parental lines ‘Minnuo-line WF19’ and ‘Mintian-line S223’ were bred by using haploid technology and pedigree method in this study. Then, the high-quality sweet-waxy maize hybrid Fubao Tiannuo 223 was developed through crossbreeding. This variety had a growth period of approximately 83.6 days from seedling emergence to fresh ear harvesting in spring sowing, with a semi-compact plant type, white kernels and white cob. The ear length was 20.0 cm, the fresh 100-kernel weight was 38.3 g, and the fresh grain yield rate was 62.3%, with strong lodging resistance. In the two-year regional trials, the average yield of fresh ears reached 16 051.5 kg·hm−2, which was 5.7% higher than that of the control variety Wannong Tiannuo 158. The quality evaluation score was 86.9, and its sweetness and waxy texture were superior to those of the control. In the field performance, it was resistant to sheath blight, northern corn leaf blight, southern corn leaf blight and southern rust, and highly resistant to stalk rot. In the artificial inoculation tests, it was susceptible to sheath blight, moderately resistant to northern corn leaf blight, and susceptible to southern corn leaf blight. Fubao Tiannuo 223 was suitable for being planted in Fujian and southeast fresh edible maize regions, with an optimal planting density of 30003200 plants per mu. The high quality and high yield could be achieved through supporting measures including seed coating, scientific fertilization and green prevention and control of pests and diseases. The parental source, breeding process, characteristics, yield performance and key cultivation techniques of Fubao Tiannuo 223 were systematically expounded in this paper, so as to provide reference for the popularization and application of this variety.

       

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