Abstract: In order to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and improve the yield and quality of coix, the field experiment was carried out in Shanqiao Village, Liantang Town, Pucheng County. Six treatments were set up in the experiment, including formula fertilization alone (CK), formula fertilization combined with quicklime (T1), formula fertilization combined with dolomite powder (T2), formula fertilization combined with Mata soil conditioner (T3), formula fertilization combined with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (T4), and formula fertilization combined with Longdebao organic fertilizer (T5). Each treatment was arranged with three replicates. The results showed that compared with CK, the yield increase rate of coix after applying soil conditioners ranged from 40.00% to 67.78%. Among them, T4 and T5 exhibited the most prominent yield-increasing effects, with an average yield of 2396.8 kg·hm⁻². The application of soil conditioners significantly affected the agronomic traits such as the drying rate of coix. T5 had the best performance in drying rate, T2 was optimal in plant height and panicle length, T1 and T4 showed great effects on promoting tillering, and T3 presented obvious advantages in reducing the number of empty and shrunken grains. However, each treatment had no significant regulatory effects on the total grain number and 100-grain weight of coix. In terms of post-experimental soil pH, T1, T2 and T3 showed the best effect on increasing soil pH with no significant differences among the treatments. For soil main nutrients after the experiment, T2 performed best in increasing the contents of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and exchangeable magnesium. The available potassium contents in T3 and T5 treatments were significantly higher than those in CK. Regarding soil heavy metal contents, T2 significantly reduced soil available lead content, while T3 posed a risk of mercury release. The application of soil conditioners had slight effects on the contents of available arsenic, chromium and cadmium in soil.