Abstract: In order to clarify the effect of applying the organic water-soluble fertilizer on rice yield and economic benefit in the yellow-mud sandy field, the rice variety Fuxiangzhan was used as the experimental material, and three treatments were set up in Changting County, Longyan City, Fujian Province, including the conventional fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization + equal amount of fine sand (T1), and conventional fertilization + 150 kg·hm⁻² organic water-soluble fertilizer (T2). Then, the effects of soil application of organic water-soluble fertilizer on agronomic traits, yield and economic benefits of rice were analyzed. The results showed that: compared with the conventional fertilization (CK), the application of organic water-soluble fertilizer (T2) could significantly increase the yield of rice by 9.51%, increase the economic output value by 6.34%, and increase the number of grains per panicle, percentage of seed setting and thousand seed weight by 6.48%, 4.37% and 2.47%, respectively. It was concluded that the application of organic water-soluble fertilizer in the rice area of yellow-mud sandy field in Fujian could effectively promote the growth of rice, increase the yield and economic benefits, and thus had good popularization and application value.