Abstract: With two-line hybrid rice variety Y Liangyou 900 as the tested material, effects of ultrasonic dry treatment on seed germination, seedling emergence and yield of rice were studied by treating rice seeds with 50 kHz ultrasonic for 1 min, and then conventional germination sowing, seedling raising in pots and conventional cultivation management, the control rice seeds did not receive the ultrasonic dry treatment. The results showed that the germination potential of treated Y Liangyou 900 seeds was enhanced compared with the control, and the germination rate increased by 5.89 percentage points, and the quality of the seedlings was increased. Meanwhile, The main economic traits of the treatment, such as the number of effective panicles per 667 m², earbearing tiller percentage, the total grain per panicle, the effective grains per panicle, the seed setting rate and the 1000-grain weight, were higher than the control, the yield of which increased by 9.13%, and the net income increase by 143.6 yuan RMB per 667 m², compared to the control.