Abstract: In order to solve the headstream problem of resource waste and environmental pollution caused by unreasonable utilization of crop straw, scientific researchers combined with enterprises to study and form the "Sanju Environmental Protection" model for crop straw resource utilization. Relying on the technology of returning carbonized crop straw to field and soil improvement, this model aims at the agricultural pain point of comprehensive utilization of straw biomass and implements the development concept of "innovation, coordination, green, open and sharing", which has broad application prospects. Returning carbonized crop straw to the field avoids direct burning or burying of straw, effectively improved the physical and chemical properties of soil, promotes crop growth and improves soil fertility, which is an important way for sustainable soil management. However, there are still many problems in returning carbonized crop straw to field. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the basic research on the application of biomass-based carbon fertilizer and the development of its preparation technology and forming equipment, and to systematically evaluate the ecological effects and risks of the large-scale application of biomass-based carbon and carbon-based fertilizers. Hopefully, with the deepening of research, biomass charcoal and carbon-based fertilizer will be widely used scientifically and reasonably. It not only realizes the resource utilization of waste materials, but also reduces environmental pollution and makes positive contributions to the green development of agriculture.