Abstract: Light environment is the basic environmental factor of plant growth and development, and light quality regulation is a key technique of facility cultivation. The application and main characteristics of LED light source in the field of facility cultivation were expounded, and the methods of light quality regulation during the growth and development of Chinese cabbage were introduced. Then, the effects of monochromatic and compound light quality on morphology, root system, biomass, photosynthetic pigment and quality of Chinese cabbage were deeply analyzed, and the research idea of the action mechanism of light quality and the growth model of light-controlled crops were prospected. On the whole, red and blue light were good light sources for the growth of Chinese cabbage. Chinese cabbage had a certain particularity in response to LED light quality, and different varieties of Chinese cabbage also had differences in response to light quality, which could be related to the realization conditions of light quality. Therefore, it was of great significance to deepen the research on the mechanism of light quality regulation.