Abstract: In order to explore the application effect of partial replacement of organic fertilizer in sweet potato production, field experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of partial replacement of organic fertilizer on yield and soil nutrient of sweet potato. The results showed that the yield of sweet potato was significantly increased by 5.61%-9.76% when the organic fertilizer was substituted for some chemical fertilizer compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer. The economic benefits of replacing 10% and 20% chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer were equivalent, and the benefits were respectively improved by 2.64% and 2.70% compared with the single application of fertilizer treatment. The contents and pH values of soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium treated with organic fertilizer instead of some chemical fertilizers were all higher than that treated with single application of chemical fertilizer, and the content of soil organic matter increased with the increase of the application amount of organic fertilizer. Therefore, proper replacement of some chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers could improve the yield and economic benefits of sweet potato, and could also improve the content of soil nutrient to a certain extent.