Abstract: High resolution melting was a genotyping technology based on the double-stranded melting temperature differences of different DNA fragments, which could theoretically distinguish different DNA molecules with single base differences. Because of its advantages such as high resolution and the absence of traditional gel electrophoresis, HRM technology has been widely applied in the aspects of medical diagnosis, plant molecular breeding and so on after its invention. By analyzing the technical characteristics of HRM, the application progress of HRM technology in rice molecular breeding was summarized, and then the development direction and application prospect of HRM technology in rice molecular breeding were prospected.