Abstract: In order to promote the high-value utilization of bamboo shoots, the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) was prepared by bamboo shoots rich in cellulose. By taking the green bamboo shoots in Fujian Province as the raw materials, the cellulose nanocrystal of bamboo shoots was prepared by means of crushing, pretreatment and sulphuric acid hydrolysis method. Then, the physical and chemical properties such as water-holding power, oil-holding power and expansive force were studied. The results showed that the bamboo shoot was an appropriate raw material for the preparation of cellulose nanocrystal. After the sulfuric acid hydrolysis, the physicochemical properties of cellulose nanocrystal in bamboo shoots were improved significantly. The yield of the cellulose nanocrystal in bamboo shoots prepared by the sulfuric acid hydrolysis method was 49.54% and the particle size was 91.87 nm. Compared with the crude fibre of bamboo shoots, the water-holding power, oil-holding power and expansive force of cellulose nanocrystal in bamboo shoots were increased by 99.54%, 29.80% and 81.15% respectively.