Abstract: Chinese yam had not only unique edible value, but also contained various nutrients such as amino acids, protein, starch, vitamins, etc., which was an important food of "the same source of medicine and food". The differences of the nutrients including amino acids, water, protein, starch, ash and vitamin C in the tubers of 8 Chinese yam resources in different regions were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the average water content of tubers of the 6 purple yam was 77.0%, the starch content of the dry samples was 81.0%, and the ash content of the dry samples was 4.1%; while the average water content of tubers of the 2 purple yam was 64.4%, the starch content of the dry samples was 77.3%, and the ash content of the dry samples was 3.1%. The average protein content of the dry samples of tubers of the 2 white yam was 3.29%, which was significantly higher than that of the 6 purple yam (being 2.11%). From the perspective of nutritional value, purple yam and white yam both contained their own special nutrients, which had high value of development and utilization.