Abstract: The secondary forest plays an important role in the forest carbon sequestration, and its rational management is of great significance to improve the forest productivity and soil carbon sequestration capacity. In this study, the effects of different management methods of the secondary forest on the soil microbial respiration and entropy were studied, by taking the evergreen broad-leaved secondary forest with two management modes (natural regeneration, and natural regeneration with artificial aid) in Sanming of Fujian as the object. The results showed that:(1) The soil microbial respiration rate under different management modes of secondary forest decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the soil microbial respiration rate of the human-assisted naturally regenerated secondary forest was about 15% higher than that of the natural regenerated secondary forest. (2) The content of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in the surface layer of the secondary forest with different management modes was significantly higher than that in the deep layer. Except that the MBC content in 40-60 cm soil layer of natural regenerated secondary forest was lower than that of human-assisted naturally regenerated secondary forest, the MBC content of other soil layers were higher than that of human-assisted naturally regenerated secondary forest. (3)The soil microbial entropy (qMB) in the deep layer of natural regenerated secondary forest was significantly higher than that of human-assisted naturally regenerated secondary forest, while the soil microbial entropy (qMB) in the surface layer of natural regenerated secondary forest was lower than that of human-assisted naturally regenerated secondary forest. (4) The microbial metabolic quotient (qCO₂) in each soil layer of human-assisted naturally regenerated secondary forest was higher than that of natural regenerated secondary forest. This study showed that there was no significant difference in the soil organic carbon activity and utilization efficiency in the surface layer between the natural regeneration and human-assisted naturally regeneration of evergreen broad-leaved forest, but the activity of deep soil microorganisms under the mode of natural regeneration was higher than that of human-assisted naturally regeneration mode. And the microbial utilization efficiency of carbon source was also higher, which was beneficial to the immobilization of soil organic carbon and the promotion of soil quality. Therefore, it would be of great significance to study the response of deep soil organic carbon to different management modes for improving the absorption and storage of soil organic carbon.