Abstract: Paris polyphylla is an important and scarce traditional chinese medicinal material. Due to the low temperature and raininess in spring and the high temperature and humidity in summer in the hilly areas of Fujian and other provinces, it is easy to have the problems of multiple diseases and insect pests, early seedling damping-off, perishable rhizome and low yield in the production. The annual cycle regularity, species and characteristics of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of Paris polyphylla were investigated repeatedly in Fujian and Jiangxi for many years. By combining the methods of the isolation, purification and identification of pathogenic bacteria, the application of comprehensive control technology and literature reading, it was determined that the main insect pests of Paris polyphylla in the hilly areas of Fujian and other provinces were Epicauta gorhami Marseul and the main diseases were grey mould, stem rot and root rot, among which the incidence rate of root rot was 10%-60 and the disease index was 10%-20%. Then, the comprehensive prevention and control technology was established including seed soaking and sterilizing (soaking the rhizomes with a mixture of carbendazim and rooting agent for 10 min before planting), healthy cultivation and disease prevention and control before and after rain, in order to provide the precise prevention and control for the safe, high-quality and efficient planting of Paris polyphylla.