Abstract: The rhizome rot of Paris polyphylla is a serious threat to the production of P.polyphylla. In order to understand the incidence of rhizome rot of P.polyphylla and provide practical basis for the disease prevention and control, our project team investigated the incidence of rhizome rot in the three planting bases of P.polyphylla in Guangze County of Nanping City and Shaxian County of Sanming City in Fujian Province in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The results showed that no rhizome rot occurred in P.polyphylla cultivated with the limited tillage container, and the incidence of rhizome rot of P.polyphylla with bionic cultivation was significantly lower than that of P.polyphylla cultivated with ridging. The incidence of rhizome rot of P.polyphylla cultivated with ridging and bionic cultivation in 2019 was more serious than that in 2018. The results showed that it was a better choice to plant P.polyphylla with limited tillage containers in the seriously infected plots.