Abstract: The research status of the immune response induced by the infection of Cryptocaryon irritans and its immunoprophylaxis were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the development of methods to block or reduce the infection of Cryptocaryon irritans. The research showed that the infection of Cryptocaryon irritans could induce the innate and adaptive immunity of the host fish. The relative immune protection rate (40%-100%) was obtained by immunizing the host fish with the insect bodies of Cryptocaryon irritans (especially larvae), the recombinant proteins of surface proteins (or immobilization antigens) and the recombinant plasmid DNA expressed in eukaryons. In the future, it is necessary to further study the interaction between fish and Cryptocaryon irritans, so as to comprehensively utilize the immune response of fish to Cryptocaryon irritans, and develop the efficient and diversified prevention and control methods of cryptocaryoniosis.