Abstract: In order to solve the problem of diseases and insect pests occurred seriously in the root tubers of cultivated Pseudostellaria heterophylla, 47 samples of the root tubers of cultivated P.heterophylla were collected from 8 townships at Zherong County, Fujian Province. The results showed that the number of samples with the disease incidence (DI) < 5% or DI ≥ 25% were both 6, and the number of samples with 5% ≤ DI < 20% was 35. The incidence of insect pests was slightly lower than that of diseases, and the number of samples with the insect pest incidence (IPI) of less than 5% was 18. The incidence of diseases and insect pests in the samples collected from different towns was 10.41%-22.17% and 4.76%-15.68%, respectively. Many kinds of diseases were found on the root tubers of cultivated P.heterophylla, among which Fusarium root rot and violet root rot were more serious. Fusarium root rot was found in the samples from 8 townships, while the violet root rot was found in the samples from 3 townships. It was suggested that the growers should screen the root tubers with the incidence of diseases and insect pests greater than 5%, and eliminate the root tubers with the symptoms of diseases and insect pests, thus to control the quality of root tubers of cultivated P. heterophylla from the source, and prevent the spread of pathogens or the spread of pathogens through insect pest wounds after sowing.