Abstract: The rotten-skin disease was a common disease in the artificial breeding process of Quasipaa spinosa, which was mainly manifested as the frog epidermal ulceration caused by bacterial infection. The disease was highly infectious and had a high mortality rate, which seriously affected the economic benefits of the breeding of Quasipaa spinosa. Therefore, it was of great significance to analyze the bacterial diversity in the ulcerated skin for the diagnosis and prevention of rotten-skin disease in Quasipaa spinosa. In this study, the skin samples from both healthy and ulcerated parts of Quasipaa spinosa affected with the rotten-skin disease were collected, and the bacterial 16sRNA fragment high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to explore the bacteria structural characteristics in the ulcerated skin of Quasipaa spinosa affected with rotten-skin disease. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the ulcerated skin were significantly lower than those in the healthy skin. At the phylum taxonomic level, the dominant phylum in the ulcerated skin was Proteobacteria, while the dominant phyla in the healthy skin were Cyanobacteria Chloroplast, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. At the genus taxonomic level, the dominant genus in the ulcerated skin was Acinetobacter, while the dominant genera in the healthy skin were Streptophyta and Acinetobacter. Although Acinetobacter was the common genus to both healthy and ulcerated skin, the content of Acinetobacter in the ulcerated skin was significantly higher than that in the healthy skin. The results of this study analyzed the possible pathogenic bacteria in the skin of Quasipaa spinosa affected with the rotten-skin disease, which had important guiding significance for the prevention and treatment of diseases in the breeding process of Quasipaa spinosa.