Abstract: In order to provide reference for the rapid detection and identification of Salmonella, Salmonella was isolated and identified from the proficiency testing (CFAPA-805) samples from three aspects including the traditional standard detection methods, specific PCR and molecular phylogeny. The traditional standard detection method was based on the national food safety standard (GB 4789.4-2016) ″Salmonella Examination of Food Microbiological Examination″, the specific PCR was based on the invA gene, and the molecular phylogeny was based on the 16S rDNA. The results showed that the results of the three detection methods were consistent. Salmonella was detected in 341 samples, and the results of physiological and biochemical identification, serological identification and molecular phylogenetic identification showed that: the Salmonella in the positive samples was Salmonella biochemical group (Ⅰ), Salmonella enteritidis subspecies, of which the serotyping was O:9, 12:H:g, m. The ability verification result of this laboratory was ″satisfactory″, affirming the laboratory's ability to detect Salmonella. By the comparison, the specific PCR identification could determine whether Salmonella was detected. The physiological and biochemical identification, serological identification and molecular phylogenetic identification could confirm the biochemical group, serotyping and molecular typing of Salmonella.