Abstract: In order to explore the seed production effects of hybrid rice with the maternal parent seedling-throwing cultivation and the manual transplanting cultivation, Jingnong S and Huihui 636, the parents of the two-line hybrid rice Jingliangyou 636 were used as the experimental materials to compare the differences in the growth characteristics, yield and its components, and seed production efficiency of the sterile line Jingnong S under the two cultivation methods of dry breeding with seedling throwing and the traditional manual transplanting. The results showed that compared with the traditional manual transplanting cultivation, the maternal parent seedling-throwing cultivation shortened the heading date by 4 days, and the florescence was more concentrated. The flowering rate before noon was 74.33%, the stigma exsertion rate was 56.47%, the allogamy fructification rate was 58.07%, the highest seedling was 543.37 per m², and the effective panicle number was 343.93 per m², which were significantly higher than those of manual transplanting. The yield of maternal parent seedling-throwing cultivation increased by 74.77 kg·hm^-2 and increased by 2.03% compared with the traditional manual transplanting cultivation. The maternal parent seedling-throwing cultivation not only increased the yield, but also saved the labor costs and improved the efficiency of seed production. The income and expenditure were increased by 3 609 yuan·hm^-2, which had better economic benefits.