Abstract: In order to study the composition characteristics of volatile components in the petals of different cultivated species of Dendrboium and their differences, the headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the volatile components and their relative contents in the petals of eight cultivated species of Dendrboium, including Zajiaozihua, Heimaozhenzhu, Hongjueshi, Huoniaogongzhu, Huangzuanjie, Taiwangongzhu, Dahanwanghou and Erhuan. And the principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to determine the relationship between the varieties. The results showed that a total of 130 volatile components were detected in the eight cultivated species, mainly terpenoids. The main volatile components in the petals of Dendrboium were β-ocimene, β-caryophyllene, linalool, α-pinene, methyl salicylate and octyl alcohol. The changes of their composition and content led to the difference of aroma sensory between the varieties. The results of principal component analysis showed that the eight cultivated species had obvious regional distribution characteristics. In addition, the eight cultivated species were divided into three groups by cluster analysis: Heimaozhenzhu and Zajiaozihua were a group; Huoniaogongzhu, Hongjueshi and Huangzuanjie were a group; Taiwangongzhu, Dahanwanghou and Erhuan were a group. The results of this study could provide reference for the utilization of aroma substances and the cultivation of aroma type varieties of Dendrboium.