Abstract: Shanyou You No. 1, a new peanut variety with super high yield was bred by EMS (ethylmethane sulfonate) mutagenesis with the dried seeds of Shanyou 212 as the materials by Shantou Institute of Agricultural Science. It passed the national peanut variety identification and Guangdong crop variety approval in 2014, with the identification number of Guopingjian Peanut 2014014 and the approval number of Yueshenyou 2014001. It obtained the new plant variety right in 2017, with the variety right number of CNA20140907.4. In 2018, it passed the national non-major crop variety registration with the registration number of GPD Peanut (2018) 440280. The yield of this variety was outstanding. In the national (southern district) regional test of peanut varieties and the regional test of the new peanut varieties being planted in spring in Guangdong Province, the dry pod yields was 4590.08 kg/hm² and 4112.85kg/hm², respectively, which were 11.20 % and 15.25 % higher than that of the control Shanyou 523. It had the oil content of 49.31%−53.45% and protein content of 21.40%−26.58%. It was highly resistant to the rust and leaf spot diseases, and susceptible to bacterial wilt, with strong lodging resistance, drought resistance, and waterlogging resistance. The variety is suitable to be planted in spring and autumn in the water-drought rotation plough land and dry sloping fields in Guangdong, as well as in spring in the peanut production areas in western Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, southern Jiangxi, and southern Hunan. During the cultivation, the attention should be paid to the selection of soil property, timely sowing, reasonable close planting, strengthening the fertilizer and water management, and timely prevent and control of weeds, diseases, insect pests and rodent harm.