Abstract: Decreasing sown area year by year was the main problems of grain production in mountainous area in recent years, and total grain output was continuously decreased. The main reason could be attributed to gradual decrease of relative economic benefit when famers plant the food crops, and thus caused abandoned farmland constantly. Therefore, a scientific orientation on development direction of food production in mountainous area was very important. This paper proposed the countermeasures for developing grain production in mountainous area.